| 802.11n | 802.11n is an upcoming specification for wireless LAN (WLAN) communications. An addition to the 802.11 family of standards, 802.11n is intended to increase network speed and reliability and to extend the operating distance of wireless networks. Raw data throughput is expected to reach as much as 600 Mbps, or more than 10 times the throughput of 802.11g |
| Acceleration Hardware | Acceleration hardware refers to devices that speed up data communications, storage and retrieval, encryption and decryption, mathematical operations, graphics, and Web page viewing. Acceleration hardware can consist of an individual integrated circuit (also called an IC or chip), a printed circuit card, or a self-contained system |
Access Layer | the access layer is the point at which local end users are allowed into the network. This layer may also use access lists or filters to further optimize the needs of a particular set of users. In the campus environment, access-layer functions can include the following: Shared bandwidth, Switched bandwidth, MAC layer filtering, Microsegmentation. In the non-campus environment, the access layer can give remote sites access to the corporate network via some wide-area technology, such as Frame Relay, ISDN, or leased lines.
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| Adaptive Enterprise | An adaptive enterprise (or adaptive organization) is an organization in which the goods or services demand and supply are matched and synchronized at all times. Such an organization optimizes the use of its resources (including its information technology resources), always using only those it needs and paying only for what it uses, yet ensuring that the supply is adequate to meet demand. |
APL
| Applied Physics Lab |
Application | use of a technology, system, or product.
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Application Program | program designed to perform a specific function directly for the user or, in some cases, for another application program.
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| (APAY) University Accounts Payable | viewable selected data from paper documents, payments to vendors, disbursement information, etc. |
(ATM) Asynchronous Transfer Mode | a high speed, low delay, multiplexing and switching technology that supports any type of user traffic, such as voice, data and video applications. TM uses small, fixed length units called cells. Each cell is identified with virtual circuit identifiers that are contained in the cell header. These identifiers are used to relay the traffic through high-speed switches. ATM is media independent operating over wire or optical fiber and supports multimedia applications at multi megabit transfer rates.
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| ATA over Ethernet | ATA over Ethernet (AoE) is an open source network protocol designed to connect storage devices and servers in a storage area network (SAN). ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment) is a standard interface for communication between storage devices; it is known in the computer industry as Integrated Drive Electronics, or IDE. In AoE, the ATA commands are transported directly over Ethernet. That makes AoE an inexpensive alternative to Fibre Channel SANs, which require costly dedicated networks. |
Authentication
| the process of establishing whether or not a real-world subject is who or what its identifier indicates.
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Authorization
| the read/write/execute controls that are embedded in file systems. Typically, authorization indicates what an identifier, properly authenticated, is permitted to do with a networked object or resource.
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Bandwidth
top | the measure of the capacity of a communications channel first used in the early RF days to measure how much of the RF band it would take to carry a given radio signal i.e., a typical mobile radio system for police and fire departments uses 12.5 kHz of bandwidth to transmit voice and data. Later in the copper wire era of telephony it took 3khz to transmit a voice signal. In the digital voice and data world speed of transmission, measured in bits per second, has become more important than bandwidth. This is particularly true when discussing fiber optics that transmit light pulses rather than electric waves. Broadband defines the efficient use of a signaling method by imposing multiple transmissions over a given medium. It is not necessarily an indication of speed of a service although broadband services usually are capable of delivering higher speeds. For instance, ISDN is a narrow band service that delivers 128Kbs over twisted pair copper. DSL is a broadband service that also delivers 128kbs over twisted pair copper but can deliver higher speeds within a given set of physical parameters Cable television uses broadband transmission techniques.
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| Blade Server | A blade server is a server chassis housing multiple thin, modular electronic circuit boards, known as server blades. Each blade is a server in its own right, often dedicated to a single application. The blades are literally servers on a card, containing processors, memory, integrated network controllers, an optional fiber channel host bus adaptor (HBA) and other input/output (IO) ports. |
| Blue Gene | Blue Gene is an experimental parallel processing supercomputer developed by IBM that employs thousands of processors, each of which demands minimal electric current. Blue Gene dissipates relatively little energy as heat in proportion to its computational power. For this reason, it is sometimes called Frost |
(BICSI) Building Industry Consulting Services International
| As started by the Reginal Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs) to provide building wiring consulting services to outside customers and to the RBOCs. After deregulation the service went public as a telecommunication wiring standards organization. Today it is known as BICSI "A Telecommunications Organization". It offers a number of professional wiring standards certification programs and helps to define and develop new wiring standards.
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Biometric Device
| technology associated with secure identification (authentication) of a user of services that rely upon biological identification of an individual. Finger print and retinal identification are the most common forms of identifiers that are used with this technology.
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BlueTooth
| computing and telecommunications industry specification that describes how mobile phones, computers, and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) can easily interconnect with each other and with home and business phones and computers using a short-range wireless connection. Using this technology, users of cellular phones, pagers, and personal digital assistants such as the Palm Pilot will be able to buy a three-in-one phone that can double as a portable phone at home or in the office, get quickly synchronized with information in a desktop or notebook computer, initiate the sending or receiving of a fax, initiate a print-out, and, in general, have all mobile and fixed computer devices be totally coordinated. The technology requires that a low-cost transceiver chip be included in each device. Products with BlueTooth technology are expected to appear in large numbers beginning in 2000.
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Boot
| verb-to load an operating system into the computer's main memory or Random Access Memory (RAM).
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BSPH
| Bloomberg School of Public Health
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Cable Head End
top | facility at local cable TV office that orginates and communicates cable TV services and cable modem services to subscribers.
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(CDMA) Code Division Multiple Access
| a wireless Radio Frequency (RF) transmission standard commonly used for cellular telephony. With Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), unique digital codes, rather than separate RF frequencies or channels, are used to differentiate subscribers. The codes are shared by both the mobile station (cellular phone) and the base station, and are called "pseudo-Random Code Sequences." All users share the same range of radio spectrum. CDMA uses spread spectrum technology to assign the codes to all speech bits, transmits encoded speech and reassembles the speech to its original format. By assigning a unique correlating code to each transmitter, several simultaneous conversations can share the same frequency allocation. See www.cdg.org for more information on CDMA and other wireless standards. Click on CDMA Technology, click on read more about CDMA, click on what is CDMA technology, click "Current Cellular Standards" for a discussion of digital systems. Click on CDMA Technology for a detailed description of RF digital standards. Click 3g/internet&is, click 3g, click evolution, click tomorrow's needs for a discussion on CDMAone and next generation wireless systems.
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Centrex
| service from local telephone companies in the United States in which up-to-date phone facilities at the phone company's central (local) office are offered to business users so that they don't need to purchase their own facilities. The Centrex service effectively partitions part of its own centralized capabilities among its business customers. The customer is spared the expense of having to keep up with fast-moving technology changes for example, having to continually update their Private Branch Exchange (PBX), private branch exchange software and infrastructure, and the phone company has a new set of services to sell.
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(CERT) Computer Emergency Response Team
| at Hopkins, the Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) has been replaced by Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) which is a more comprehensive approach.
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(CIM) Common Information Model
| as defined by the Distributed Management Task Force, CIM is a common data model of an implementation-neutral schema for describing overall management information in a network/enterprise environment. CIM is comprised of a Specification and a Schema. The Specification defines the details for integration with other management models (i.e., SNMP's MIBs or the DMTF's MIFs) while the schema provides the actual model descriptions. (See www.dmtf.org).
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CIO
| Chief Information Officer
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Circuit Switching
| dividual telephones (extensions) are connected to a central switch by a pair of wires called a circuit. When making a call, the switch decodes the number dialed to identify the target extension and temporarily connects the two circuits together. When the callers hang up, the switch disconnects the circuits. PBXs and Centrex services are based on circuit switching technology.
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| Clean Room Technique | The clean room technique is a process in which a new product is developed by reverse engineering an existing product, and then the new product is designed in such a way that patent or copyright infringement is avoided. The clean room technique is also known as clean room design. (Sometimes the words "clean room" are merged into the single word, "cleanroom.") Sometimes this process is called the Chinese wall method, because the intent is to place a demonstrable intellectual barrier between the reverse engineering process and the development of the new product. |
(CLEC) Competitive Local Exchange Carrier
| a competitor to local telephone companies that has been granted permission by the state regulatory commission to offer local telephone service. CLEC's compete with the Bell Operating Companies.
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CMS
| Content Management System
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Connectionless
| communication between two network and end points in which a message can be sent from end point to another without prior arrangement.
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| Coprocessor | A coprocessor is a special set of circuits in a microprocessor chip that is designed to manipulate numbers or perform some other specialized function more quickly than the basic microprocessor circuits could perform the same task. A coprocessor offloads specialized processing operations, thereby reducing the burden on the basic microprocessor circuitry and allowing it to work at optimum speed |
Copyright
| ownership of an intellectual property within the limits prescribed by a particular nation's or international law.
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Core Layer
| a high-speed switching backbone and should be designed to switch packets as fast as possible. This layer of the network should not perform any packet manipulation, such as access lists and filtering, that would slow down the switching of packets.
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CSAC
| Clinical Systems Advisory Committee
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(CSIRT) Computer Security Incident Report Team
| formed within the Hopkins enterprise, the CSIRT team responds to security issues that arise. The response varies dependent upon the seriousness of the event, the risk of further or additional damage, and the type of coordination and notification required.
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(CSS) Cascading Style Sheets
| a Web page derived from multiple sources with a predetermined order where the definitions of any style element conflict.
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Curl
| object-oriented programming language designed to replace HTML, JavaScript, and related tools as a means for creating interactive web pages.
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(CUFS) College and University Financial System
| university financial accounting system. |
